Spring has come, pruning fruit trees is a necessary procedure in the garden. How to organize it better? Which branches to delete? Firstly, damaged, intersecting branches growing inside the crown, as well as obscuring its main part, are removed. Secondly, the tops of the tops are removed if they were not cut in the summer. In the early spring, corrective pruning is preferable, rejuvenating with slices of significant diameters, and subsequent processing of the slices and cuts with garden putties is mandatory.
Many of us have anxiety about the future harvest of peach, apricot, and cherry. Have your kidneys frozen in this volatile winter? What you need to do to find out how the plants were wintered? Cut a few branches of stone fruit, hold them for a day or two in water, then bring them to a warm place. After a while, the kidneys will start growing. If we cut the kidney, we will see a light green tissue - the kidney is alive. Everything is fine. If on other cuttings the bark has dried up, and when it is cut, it darkens, then the cutter is blacker, the stronger the freezing. It is possible that such branches will have to be removed.
What to consider when pruning fruit trees?
Stone fruit crops - plums, peaches, apricots, cherries, cherries - have a loose structure of bark and wood cells, as well as are more prone to sunburn and frost bumps of wood, more often affected by fungal, bacterial infections. In most cases, gum is released in the places of damage through cracks on the surface of the cortex - juice with a high starch content, which, as a result of oxidative reactions, turns into a thick sticky mass. Gum clogs the conductive system of branches above the site of damage and part of the branch gradually dies with subsequent drying. Often with severe damage, even the skeletal branches of a tree die completely.
When to prune fruit trees in spring
For the above reasons, cutting of stone fruit crops is carried out mainly in the spring: the end of February - March, when the probability of the damaging effect of severe frosts is low, and the likelihood of damage to wood through the places of cuts or saw cuts is minimized.
Pruning steps
First of all, before pruning, fruit trees are inspected for breakage, severe cracking, shrunken branches, and then cut out (sanitary cutting). Next, inspect the trees for gum. If gum is found, the branch is cut 5-6 cm below the resulting clot.
The next stage of trimming is thinning the center of the crown, since stone fruit crops are demanding on the illumination, ventilation of the crown. Therefore, further provides for cutting thickening growth branches.
Crown formation
In stone fruit crops, it is preferable to form the crown in the fruitless form without the presence of a central conductor. These can be “cup-shaped”, “vase-shaped” or “improved vasoid” crown formation systems. The choice is yours. As you form, such a crown will be in your tree.
Stone fruit species are responsive to shortening of branches, branches by at least 1/3 of the length, translated to nearby branches, which reduces the likelihood of rapid aging of fruit branches, as well as extend the period of guaranteed fruiting of trees.
Mandatory processing of cuts and cuts. A mandatory method after carrying out all types of pruning of fruit trees is the processing of cuts and cuts with special antiseptic garden putties that help protect plants from all kinds of infections.
Pruning fruit bushes in spring
Pruning of red and black currants is carried out: everything that is not cut is removed, not removed from the fall. The same attention should be paid to raspberries. In addition to removing small, unproductive shoots, tops are scanned. If injured - we trim the tops by 5-10 cm, slightly capturing the green part.
After pruning, all remote shoots are immediately burned, preventing the overwintered pests and diseases from spreading.
As you can see, March came into its own. March is rushing. We must hurry and us.
The materials of the newspaper "Niva Kuban" for 2014-2015 were used.